Patient Protection in Research-Based Hospital Services

Penulis

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.0805/p848hy97

Kata Kunci:

patient protection; hospital services; clinical research; informed consent; health data; research ethics

Abstrak

This study examined patient protection when research is embedded in hospital services. Normative legal research used statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches based on Indonesian health, clinical-trial, ethics, medical-record, and personal-data rules, international ethical standards, and recent scholarship. The study found fragmented protection at the boundary between individualized care and research, particularly concerning therapeutic misunderstanding, consent quality, secondary data use, injury, compensation, and continuity of care. It proposes a Research-Based Hospital Patient Protection Model comprising activity classification, proportional review, layered consent with comprehension assurance, integrated safety monitoring, transparent data governance, and no-fault-oriented compensation with independent complaints. The model assigns verifiable duties to hospitals, investigators, sponsors, ethics committees, and regulators. It recommends a national technical standard, hospital research ombuds functions, secured injury funding, and integrated safety and data reporting.

Unduhan

Data unduhan tidak tersedia.

Referensi

Aristizabal, Paula, Arissa K. Ma, Nikhil V. Kumar, Bianca P. Perdomo, Courtney D. Thornburg, Maria Elena Martinez, and Jesse Nodora. “Assessment of Factors Associated with Parental Perceptions of Voluntary Decisions about Child Participation in Leukemia Clinical Trials.” JAMA Network Open 4, no. 5 (2021): e219038. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.9038.

Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Republik Indonesia. Peraturan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Nomor 8 Tahun 2024 tentang Tata Laksana Persetujuan Pelaksanaan Uji Klinik. As amended by Peraturan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Nomor 34 Tahun 2025.

Bierer, Barbara E., Sarah A. White, Luke Gelinas, and David H. Strauss. “Fair Payment and Just Benefits to Enhance Diversity in Clinical Research.” Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 5 (2021): e159.

Cumyn, Annabelle, Adrien Barton, Roxanne Dault, Anne-Marie Cloutier, Réjean Jalbert, and Jean-François Ethier. “Informed Consent within a Learning Health System: A Scoping Review.” Learning Health Systems 4, no. 2 (2020): e10206. https://doi.org/10.1002/lrh2.10206.

Cumyn, Annabelle, Adrien Barton, Roxanne Dault, Nissrine Safa, Anne-Marie Cloutier, and Jean-François Ethier. “Meta-Consent for the Secondary Use of Health Data within a Learning Health System: A Qualitative Study of the Public’s Perspective.” BMC Medical Ethics 22 (2021): 81. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12910-021-00647-x.

Cumyn, Annabelle, Jean-Frédéric Ménard, Adrien Barton, Roxanne Dault, Frédérique Lévesque, and Jean-François Ethier. “Patients’ and Members of the Public’s Wishes Regarding Transparency in the Context of Secondary Use of Health Data: Scoping Review.” Journal of Medical Internet Research 25 (2023): e45002. https://doi.org/10.2196/45002.

de Man, Yvonne, Yvonne Wieland-Jorna, B. Torensma, Koos de Wit, A. L. Francke, M. G. Oosterveld-Vlug, et al. “Opt-In and Opt-Out Consent Procedures for the Reuse of Routinely Recorded Health Data in Scientific Research and Their Consequences for Consent Rate and Consent Bias: Systematic Review.” Journal of Medical Internet Research 25 (2023): e42131. https://doi.org/10.2196/42131.

Dobson, Rosie, et al. “Exploring Patient Perspectives on the Secondary Use of Their Personal Health Information: An Interview Study.” BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making 23 (2023): 66. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-023-02143-1.

Friedman, Emma, Kelly N. Michelson, S. Sehgal, R. Steans, Mohammad Hosseini, M. J. Baumann, et al. “Implications for Precision Accelerated Clinically Embedded Research: A Novel Technology-Enabled Approach to Conducting Minimal-Risk Research in Outpatient Community Healthcare Settings.” PLOS ONE 20, no. 4 (2025): e0318533. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0318533.

Heynemann, Sarah, Wendy Lipworth, Sue-Anne McLachlan, Jennifer Philip, Tom John, and Ian Kerridge. “Therapeutic Misunderstandings in Modern Research.” Bioethics 38, no. 2 (2024): 138–152. https://doi.org/10.1111/bioe.13241.

International Council for Harmonisation. ICH E6(R3) Guideline for Good Clinical Practice. Geneva: ICH, 2025.

Komite Etik Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Nasional. Pedoman dan Standar Etik Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Nasional. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 2021.

Lamkin, Matt. “Avoiding Exploitation in Phase I Clinical Trials: More Than (Un)Just Compensation.” Journal of Law and the Biosciences 5, no. 1 (2018): 169–206.

Largent, Emily A., et al. “The Ethical Value of Consulting Community Members in Nonconsent Pragmatic Clinical Trials.” Clinical Trials 22 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1177/17407745241259360.

Piasecki, Jan, Ewa Walkiewicz-Żarek, Justyna Figas-Skrzypulec, Anna Kordecka, and Vilius Dranseika. “Ethical Issues in Biomedical Research Using Electronic Health Records: A Systematic Review.” Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 24, no. 4 (2021): 633–658. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11019-021-10031-6.

Pietrzykowski, Tomasz, and Katarzyna Smilowska. “The Reality of Informed Consent: Empirical Studies on Patient Comprehension: Systematic Review.” Trials 22 (2021): 57. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-020-04969-w.

Republic of Indonesia. Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 28 Tahun 2024 tentang Peraturan Pelaksanaan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2024 Nomor 135, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 6952.

Republic of Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2023 Nomor 105, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 6887.

Republic of Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2022 tentang Pelindungan Data Pribadi. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2022 Nomor 196, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 6820.

Republic of Indonesia, Ministry of Health. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 24 Tahun 2022 tentang Rekam Medis. Berita Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2022 Nomor 829.

Republic of Indonesia, Ministry of Health. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 75 Tahun 2020 tentang Komite Etik Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Nasional. Berita Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2020 Nomor 1289.

Różyńska, Joanna. “The Ethical Anatomy of Payment for Research Participants.” Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 25 (2022): 449–464. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11019-022-10092-1.

World Health Organization. Guidance for Best Practices for Clinical Trials. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2024. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240097711.

World Health Organization Indonesia. “Driving Clinical Trials in Indonesia through Collaborative Action.” January 6, 2026. https://www.who.int/indonesia/news/detail/06-01-2026-driving-clinical-trials-in-indonesia-through-collaborative-action.

World Medical Association. “WMA Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Participants.” Adopted October 2024. https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki/.

Wu, Chengai, Na Wang, Qian Wang, Chun Wang, Zhen Wei, Zhi Wu, et al. “Participants’ Understanding of Informed Consent in Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review and Updated Meta-Analysis.” PLOS ONE 19, no. 1 (2024): e0295784. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295784.

Unduhan

Diterbitkan

2026-09-01

Terbitan

Bagian

Artikel

Cara Mengutip

Patient Protection in Research-Based Hospital Services. (2026). Jurnal Axioma Lexprima, 1(1), 188-211. https://doi.org/10.0805/p848hy97